Han Yu, a great Chinese writer in Tang Dynasty, wrote an article named《师说》(Theory on Teachers), in this article Han said"。。。故弟子不必不如师,师不必贤于弟子,闻道有先后,术业有专攻,如是而已。 "which literally means:Being a teacher/a student is not a matter of stronger/weaker academic ability. We are teachers/students of someone just because we are a(n) older/newer learner of certain knowledge and different people have advantages in different fields. So it is nothing strange if students know more about something than their teachers.
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everyone would need an instructor (gu zhi xue zhe bi you shi 古之學者必有師 ) who "transmitted the Way" (chuan dao 傳道 ), "handed down the cause (of Confucian thought)" (shou ye 授業 ) and solved questions (jie huo 解惑 ). As a transmitter of the Way, a teacher was required to be himself of the possession of the Confucian Way, not only in theory, but also in practice.
Han Yu stressed the ancient principle already established by Confucius, that there had to be a mutual learning between teacher and students, so that both parts progressed towards the finding of the truth, and both sides profited from each other (jiao xue xiang chang 教學相長 ).
www.chinaknowledge.de/Literature/Classics/shish...
вообще, китайцы уверены, на мой взгляд, что все, что стоит знать, уже давным-давно придумали их предки.
и я что-то склонна согласиться )) всякие там новомодные теории о том, что обучение - двусторонний процесс - а вон Конфуций об этом 2500 лет назад говорил ))
韓愈 師說 translation: On Teaching, by Han Yu · Pt 1
eastasiastudent.net/china/classical/han-yu-shi-...